Prepare A List Of Macroeconomic Problems Of Indian Economy In Brief

• Large Budget Deficit

India has one of the largest budget deficits in the developing world. Excluding subsidies, it amounts to nearly 8% of GDP. Although it is fallen a little in the past year. It still allows little scope for increasing investment in public services like health and education.

• Rigid labor Laws

As an example Firms employing more than 100 people cannot fire workers without government permission. The effect of this is to discourage firms from expanding to over 100 people. It also discourages foreign investment. Trades Unions have an important political power base and governments often shy away from tackling potentially politically sensitive labor laws. As discussed in our topic how many firms in India manufacture soaps and toothpaste

• Inefficient agriculture

Agriculture produces 17.4% of economic output but, over 51% of the workforce is employed in agriculture. This is the most inefficient sector of the economy, and reform has proved slow.

• A slowdown in growth

2013/14 has seen a slowdown in the rate of economic growth to 4-5%. Real GDP per capita growth is even lower. This is a cause for concern as India needs a high growth rate to see rising living standards, lower unemployment, and encouraging investment. India has fallen behind China, which is a comparable developing economy

• Lack of technical knowledge in comparison to other countries.

India has to depend on foreign countries for the supply of machinery, capital goods, and technical knowledge. She exports raw-materials and imports manufactured goods. The import of capital goods involves high costs due to higher prices. India depends too much on imports, which makes her economy dependable on others and affects the terms of trade.

ANALYSIS OF DATA :

A market economy is relatively new for India. A country can benefit from it by the development of human capital, increasing investments in human resources that will reduce such problems as poverty, inequity, and unemployment. In addition, the situation of the infrastructure mentioned earlier can be improved, and it is easier to create the entrepreneurial environment in the country through an established market economy. Therefore, good economic liberalization will benefit India in economic growth and development of society.

However, there are some critics of the market economy in India. Some argue that due to economic liberalization, the wealth will be concentrated in the hands of a few people out of the whole society that will increase inequality and social differences. In addition, social security will be worst since before it was managed and controlled somehow by a government. As was mentioned earlier, India now is just developing into a market economy, and it definitely takes time to see the results.

In the modern world of globalization, a market of the third world countries like India has an opportunity to grow. Therefore, it is important to understand that the government is no longer dominant in this situation as it was before. However, a state can play a crucial role in these changes; it needs to control how the market operates and that the outcomes of this economy are directed in the right way. Therefore, an established market economy does not necessarily mean the complete elimination of government that was always visible in India in economic, social, and cultural sectors.

Since the reforms of 1991, India has shown much better results than during the pre-reform period. GDP, overall export, and foreign exchange reserves grew significantly. India became an attractive destination for foreign investments. Reforms played a big role in the development of certain industries in India. For instance, the information technology sector grew extensively, export and domestic sales of software increased noticeably.

Therefore, it was proved that protectionism was not the way to success. On the contrary, the introduction of multinational companies increased competition in the national market. It forced Indian enterprises to adopt world-class infrastructure, quality processes, human resources practices, and so forth (Murthy, 2004).

Apart from the positive economic results, the market economy benefited Indian society as well. It was noticed that poverty decreased, literacy levels went up, and people became more motivated to receive an education. Therefore, economic reforms in India resulted in economic growth and social development.

CONCLUSION :

In spite of the problems listed above, if we compare the present economic condition of our country with the pre-independence period, we find that the long spell of stagnation in the Indian economy was broken after the Independence of India. The present position of the Indian economy, though not satisfactory, is much better than it was some 50-70 years ago. With the beginning of economic planning, an era of economic development started. Economic development in India has broadly two faces Quantitative and structural. We see spectacular progress has taken place in the line of:

• National income trends,
• Rise in per capita income,
• Sectoral distribution of domestic products,
• Stability in the occupational distribution of population
• Changes in land relations,
• Growth of basic capital goods industries
• Expansion in social overhead capital
• Progress in the banking and financial sectors etc.

As a result, investment in the economy has been stepped up. We also notice an increase in agricultural and industrial production. Steps have been taken to modernize these sectors in India.

The current economic scene in India is more or less encouraging, but we are still way behind achieving full employment, poverty eradication, education for all, and industrialization.

Indian economy is a developing economy. By taking the remedial measures to tackle the economic problems, India can surely target to become a developed economy.

DISCUSSION:

After discussing the topic here are some suggestions from the people

1. Steps should be taken to modernize capital equipment.
2. Private investment should be encouraged to invest in the capital-intensive sector.
3. Easy finance should be made available to businesses engaged in large-scale industries.
4. Encourage people to opt for higher education and professional courses. This would enable them to come out of the poverty trap. An increase in their earning would result in the increased collection in the form of direct and indirect taxation.
5. Educated people are more likely to secure a respectable occupation.
6. Cottage industries should be promoted in rural areas.
7. Industries that employ a large number of people should be encouraged.
8. The problem of disguised unemployment can be tackled by creating better opportunities for employment.

YOUR OPINION/ SUGGESTION :

1. Both Indian and foreign investors should be encouraged to make products in India.
2. Industries should be encouraged to manufacture defense equipment, fighter planes, etc. in India.
3. The purchasing power of the people can be increased, increasing the income opportunities for them.
4. A check on the increasing trend of inflation may help to tackle the situation.
5. Check for excessive population growth.
6. The natural resources of the country should be appropriately utilized so that every section of society can get its benefit.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT :

My profound gratitude to all the faculty members of the Department, for their timely assistance and encouragement throughout my research work.

I duly acknowledge the encouragement and support of the research scholars in the department, and all my colleagues and friends.

It gives me immense pleasure to take the opportunity to all the people who are directly or indirectly involved in the completion of my project based on Prepare a List of Macro-Economics Problems of Indian Economy and Comment on Them in Brief.

With deep reverence, I offer my deepest gratitude _____, without whom this project could not have been fulfilled.

Lastly, I thank Almighty, my parents, family members, friends, and teachers for their constant encouragement and support without which this project would not be possible.

Name of School/College

BIBLIOGRAPHY / REFERENCE :

1. https://www.importantindia.com/8402/problems-of-indian-economy/
2. https://www.ukessays.com/essays/economics/analysis-of-macroeconomic-environment-in-india-economics-essay.php
3. https://www.economicshelp.org/india/problems-indian-economy/

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